Swot Analysis A Swot - 852 Words

Strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, commonly known as a SWOT analysis is used by businesses. Organizations use the SWOT analysis technique to figure out and understand their areas of strong suits (strengths), their inevitable flaws (weaknesses), prospects that the organization could look into (opportunities) and things that pose as intimidations to the organization (threats). There are many obstacles to overcome when it comes to international expansion. Obstacles such as; language and cultural barriers, tax compliance issues, local competition and political atmospheres. These things must be discussed and evaluated, a SWOT analysis is a good way to do so. Many organizations perform a SWOT on their competitors to use as a comparison tool as told by Hill (2014). We as an organization have performed SWOTs on our competitors and the following slides will reflect the information that was assembled from the data we collected. The information obtained will be of great benefit , in our pursuit of international expansion. Strengths The Ecommerce platform is a way for us to market our product at minimal cost and to provide our customers great pricing structures because of there are no overhead expenses, it is our greatest strength. We provide our online customers with the option to chat with customer service professionals when shopping on our website. We have chosen to utilize the customer service-centric approach on our ecommerce website. We will focus onShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis Of Swot And Swot Analysis738 Words   |  3 Pagesknown as SWOT analysis. The SWOT analysis is business analysis method that business can use for each of its department when deciding on the most perfect way to increase their business and future growth. This procedure identifies the internal and external strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that are in the markets. SWOT analysis helps you decide your position against your competitors, identifies best future opportunities, and highlight current and future threats. SWOT analysis is an acronymRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Swot Analysis : Swot1223 Words   |  5 PagesOnStar – SWOT Analysis To help OnStar determine if home monitoring services should be added to its list of products and services, a SWOT analysis should be completed. A SWOT analysis is a situation analysis or tool used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of an organization (SWOT Analysis Definition | Investopedia, 2005). Thus, it is a basic straightforward model that determines what an organization, like OnStar, can and cannot do, as well as determines its opportunitiesRead MoreSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot2320 Words   |  10 PagesSWOT analysis focuses on the internal factors which are the company’s strengths and weaknesses as well as the external factors which are the opportunities and threats which are gained from situational analysis, which focuses on summarizing all the pertinent information acquired about the key three environments of internal, customer, and external (Ferrell Hartline, 2014, p. 39). A SWOT analysis further gives a company precise advantages and disadvantages in satisfying the needs of its selectedRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Swot Analysis : Swot911 Words   |  4 Pages SWOT Analysis In the article â€Å"SWOT analysis† Harmon (2015) offered a definition for SWOT analysis, the purpose of the SWOT analysis, the advantages of performing a SWOT analysis, and outlined and discussed the four components of the SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis is a planning and brainstorming tool that helps people evaluate an idea or project for a business or formulate a business plan (Harmon, 2015). It should be noted that SWOT analysis is an acronym for Strengths, Weaknesses, OpportunitiesRead MoreSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot1081 Words   |  5 PagesSWOT Analysis: A SWOT analysis (SWOT matrix) first used by Stanford Research Institute during 1960-1970 and it was presented by Mr. Albert S. Humphrey a American business and management consultant by using data from fortune 500 companies. We can succeed in our life if we use our talents to our full extent. Similarly, we‘ll have some problems if we know our weakness are, and if we manage these weaknesses so that we don’t matter in the work we do. To understand more about our self and our externalRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot1371 Words   |  6 Pages SWOT analysis is valuable in understanding and revising the position of the company before decisions are made about company direction or the application of a new business idea. PEST is a tool to assess external factors. It is useful to complete a PEST analysis before a SWOT, although it may be more useful to complete a PEST analysis during, or after, a SWOT. SWOT and PEST are vital in determining the success of a business. SWOT analysis is a form of situational analysis in which internal strengthsRead MoreSwot Analysis : Swot And Swot1957 Words   |  8 PagesSWOT analysis focuses on the internal factors which are the company’s strengths and weaknesses as well as the external factors which are the opportunities and threats which are gained from situational analysis which focuses on summarizing all the pertinent information acquired about the key three environments of internal, customer, and external (Ferrell Hartline, 2014, p. 39). A SWOT analysis further gives a company precise advantages and disadvantages in satisfying the needs of its selected marketsRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot1708 Words   |  7 Pages A SWOT analysis is â€Å"a structured planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in a project or in a business venture.†(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT analysis, 03/11/14). A swot analysis can also be used to examine a person’s attributes. The strengths and weaknesses usually are internal factors whereas threats and opportunities are mainly external. Advantage Disadvantage Internal Strengths 1. Self-motivated 2. I am organised; accurate and pay attentionRead MoreSwot Analysis : The Swot1888 Words   |  8 PagesThe SWOT analysis, a strategic planning tool was developed by Albert Humphrey in the 1960’s and 1970’s. Albert is said to have come up with this strategic planning tool through the use of data the Fortune 500 companies in the United States of America at that time (Lancaster Massingham, 2011). A SWOT analysis determines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, which are a relevant part of any organization especially the ones that get involved in new ventures. This tool assists the usersRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot3101 Words   |  13 Pagesa) Carry out a SWOT analysis to reflect your own current skills and competencies A SWOT analysis is â€Å"a structured planning method used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats involved in a project or in a business venture.†(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT analysis, 03/11/14). A swot analysis can also be used to examine a person’s attributes. The strengths and weaknesses usually are internal factors whereas threats and opportunities are mainly external. Advantage Disadvantage

Interpreting Poetry Porphyria’s Lover - 1410 Words

Poetry is a condensed form of literature that expresses vast meanings and feelings. This means that when analyzing poetry many aspects such as the literal meaning, poetic elements, and the metaphorical meaning should be considered. Although, not every reader is going to analyze a poem with the same ideology, a general understanding of poetic elements and the literal meaning presented throughout the poem should be similar. Professor Sutton, an English teacher at the University of Kansas, utilized his students to help interpret the works of Robert Browning. When they started to interpret the work of the â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover† the students found that there was no message presented in this poem, but realized by looking through the article that†¦show more content†¦At one point, however, the speaker digresses, and here the rhymes change not in the pattern, but from masculine to feminine (Sutton). While a masculine rhyme scheme stresses the final syllable of the w ords, a feminine rhyme scheme stresses the penultimate syllable of the words. â€Å"Murmuring how she loved me-she too weak, for all her hearts endeavor, to set its struggling passion free from pride, and vainer ties dissever, and give herself to me forever† (Browning). â€Å"In lines 21-25, the tempo accelerates with the addition of a light syllable at the end of a line, making the utterance sound full of energy and vehemence† (Sutton). By understanding the rhyme scheme a reader can better understand the voice in which the author truly is speaking. Yet, the largest aspect that Professor Sutton attributes to readers comprehension of this poem is the comprehension of events in the story. If a reader interoperates this story metaphorically a few themes arise. The first and most prominent one would be the power struggle that is taking place between the speaker and his lover. However, a reader could also say that this story is the narrative of a crazed madman. Professor Sutton says â€Å"It is our tendency to become so concerned with structure and imagery that we seem to forget that a poem represents some-ones utterance† (Sutton). A reader becomes consumed with identifying the metaphorical meanings andShow MoreRelated Porphyria’s Lover : Browning’s Portrait of a Madman Essay1892 Words   |  8 PagesPorphyria’s Lover : Browning’s Portrait of a Madman Robert Browning’s Porphyria’s Lover contains the methodical ramblings of a lunatic; it is a madman’s monologue that reveals the dark side of human nature. Power and passion coalesce to form the strangulation of the beautiful and innocent Porphyria, and at the same time strangle the reader’s ability to comprehend what is occurring and why it is occurring. The murder’s monologue depicts a heinous crime. The simple fact that the monologue isRead More The Flea by John Donne and To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell6621 Words   |  27 Pageshis argument stronger. In the second stanza the argument appears to be going the poets way oh stay, three lives in oneflea spare, where we almost yea more than married are but the mistress counters this argument with wit and repartee of her lover by squashing the insect Cruel and sudden,hast thou since Purpled thy nail, in blood of innocence? Then he implores her to stay and I feel he produces a series of clever arguments premised, not in a reasonableness of sex, but in the morality of

E-Procurement And E-Logistics Free Essays

our site – CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING – Business Management Dissertation Ideas ABSTRACT In this paper, we analyze the e-procurement and e-logistics of the Dell Inc. Company. This will include a brief overview of the company, an exploration of its Customer Relationship Management, the Supply Chain management and an analysis of the various softwares used by Dell Inc in promoting its relationship marketing. We will write a custom essay sample on E-Procurement And E-Logistics or any similar topic only for you Order Now INTRODUCTION Today, many people have discovered the significance of E-commerce. E-commerce, also known as electronic commerce refers to business transactions and communication via computers especially over the internet and networks (Botha, Bothma and Geldenhuys, 2008: p.23). This involves buying and selling of services and goods, and transfer of funds among other commercial communications through the internet, mainly through the World-Wide Web (Botha, Bothma and Geldenhuys, 2008: p.23). E-commerce takes place in different situations such as between businesses and customers (B2C), between one business/company and another (B2B), and between customer and customer (C2C). It is mainly divided into two main parts, which are e-procurement and e-logistics. E-procurement is defined as an electronic method of conducting business transactions while e-logistics refers to the transfer of goods sold over the internet to customers (Botha, Bothma and Geldenhuys, 2008: p.24). A well implemented e-procurement system is highly effective in connecting businesses and other business processes with suppliers while running all interactions between them. According to Botha, Bothma and Geldenhuys (2008: p.23), the development and advancement of technology, many businesses now sell their products through computer technology, which is a brilliant way of making companies reduce overhead costs and reach a wide customer base. Thus, e-procurement benefits not only the business owners, but also customers since they can shop without leaving their homes. Also, customers can easily find the lowest price of products when buying their goods via the internet. In this paper, we analyze the e-procurement and e-logistics of the Dell Inc. Company. DELL INCORPORATED Dell Inc. is a computer company that was established by Michael S. Dell, in 1984 (Krauss 2003: p.7). It offers a wide range of technology product categories (Krauss (2003: p.8). These products range from personal computers to services such as storage solutions. Also, it gives a variety of services, which range from business services and configurable information technology including product-related support services, consulting and applications and infrastructure technology (Krauss, 2003: p.8). As stated by Levy (1999: p.20), Dell Inc. operates in four global business segments, which include public, Large Enterprise, Consumer, and small and Medium Business. The company designs its own products, manufactures and markets them, sells, as well as supports a range of products and services, which can be modified to individual requirements of customers (Perret and Jaffeux, 2007: p.4). Dell Inc. is considered among the companies that are most profitable. The company offers the most innovative customer service, as well as product custom configuration in the world (Perret and Jaffeux, 2007: p.5). For this reason, the company is faced with the challenge of satisfying the customers’ needs while maintaining a stable relationship with them. E-PROCUREMENT AT DELL Dell Inc. is widely known for selling its computers and others services through the internet to other business (B2B) and to individual customers (B2C) (Perret and Jaffeux, 2007: p.5). B2B refers to business transactions between one company and another such as business customers, suppliers and distributors. The B2C refers to business transactions between a company and consumers. At the beginning of the 1990’s, Dell Inc. attempted to distribute wares by retailing. However, the management found out later that this method was unprofitable for business (Gattorna, 2003: p.51). Hence, Dell Inc. decided to key on boosting its customer support and services by allowing customers to make orders directly (Gattorna, 2003: p.52). This was considered a unique strategy for Dell customization. Recently, Dell Inc. improved its sourcing and buying processes by implementing a leading e-procurement solution known as Ariba Buyer (Krauss, 2003: p.8). In order to ease the business processes between Dell Inc. and its supplier companies, Ariba Buyer which is an e-procurement solution is used. It is quite useful in automating and streamlining sourcing. (Li, 2007: p.20). In earlier years, making purchase orders at Dell was a highly laborious process since company workers filled out forms for each purchase process every time they ordered an item, which included collecting about ten approval signatures (Li, 2007: p.21). The buyers were then expected to re-enter the data into two different systems that included a home-grown Access database and the legacy purchasing system. This paper-based process was challenging for Dell to track its purchases by commodity, as well as analyze its purchasing patterns in terms of where, how much and from whom the supplies were bought, hence the change in its procurement process. Thus, Dell Inc. implemented an e-procurement solution known as Ariba Buyer. E-procurement enabled Dell to streamline its supplying base. This helped in the elimination of maverick spending, as well as standardization of the ordering processes for its suppliers. (Krauss, 2003: p.8). This was followed, by Dell’s move, to assess 3 e-procurement systems depending on five criteria. These criteria included a user-friendly boundary, cost-effectiveness, and integration with existing back-end system (Krauss, 2003: p.8). Others included e-commerce links to most of Dell’s supplying companies, and compatibility with the current IT policy of Dell servers (Li, 2007: p.20). According to Gattorna (2003: p.50), close to seven months were spent by the personnel that were responsible for implementing Ariba. This time was spent in developing twenty interfaces that would facilitate connection of Ariba buyer with Dell’s legacy systems. They created linkages for Ariba and Dell’s purchase order, catalog data, cost center, accounting code validation, and employee data among other systems (Gattorna, 2003: p.50). This was made to ascertain that all the processed orders had been validated. This resulted in a final product, which facilitates making purchases online. This product is known as Dell Internet Requisition Tool (DIREQT) (Gattorna, 2003: p.51). Currently, DIREQT has made it easy for Dell employees to complete purchasing orders online by loging into DIREQT Web site, as well as conducting searches for certain products, suppliers or services, which usually give accurate status reports (Levy, 1999: p.23). Immediately, Ariba Buyer forwards the catalog items and requisition straight to the right manager at the cost center who signs the order electronically. The system then automatically creates an approving chain before directing it to an employee network. (Gattorna, 2003: p.51). However, if the product ordered is not present in the catalogue, Ariba Buyer includes a Dell buyer to source the product and hands over the request for last signatures (Perret and Jaffeux, 2007: p.6). After the requisition has been approved, it is moved to the Ariba Commerce Services Network (ASCN). ASCN is a shared network infrastructure that helps to connect with buyers and marketplaces, on the Ariba Business to Business (B2B). Commerce stand (Perret and Jaffeux, 2007: p.6). Ariba uses ASCN to communicate its orders to suppliers, which includes shipping through e-mail, faxes, Extensive Markup Language (XML) and electronic data interchange (EDI) (Perret and Jaffeux, 2007: p.6). Moreover, Ariba Buyer also accelerates the payment process in Dell Inc. The receipts that Dell’s central receiving department prepares for wares are brought into the organization and matched automatically with the right invoice. This is then fed into the system by the account payable processors (Bothma and Geldenhuys, 2008: p.25). In addition, the purchasers create receipts of the service given to them, which is also matched in an automatic manner. Therefore, this practice helps to avoid the early routine of service invoices, which is time-consuming, when making purchases for approval. As stated by Botha, Bothma and Geldenhuys (2008: p.25), with the Ariba Buyer at Dell, the requisition cycle time is likely to be reduced by 62%, and lessen operation costs by 61%. However, Dell Inc. believes that it stands to benefit on a larger scale from the perception into the buying process attained through combining customers’ information. Moreover, through the use of Ariba, Dell is able to gather information necessary to evaluate its supply base and re-evaluate key business to market communications services, office products and consulting, among many more kinds of expenditures (Gattorna, 2003: p.50). CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT According to Perret and Jaffeux (2007: p.7), Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is the creation and maintenance of relations with customers. The key aim of Dell is to offer its customers technologically reliable customer service requirements. Perret and Jaffeux (2007: p.7) argue that the software that help in facilitation facilitate Dell’s CRM include marketing automation software, a system that benefits the sales, and custom designed Web pages that contain purchase data. According to Ross (2010: p.88), today, one fifth of standard-based computers sold in the world is Dell’s product. The key concept of Dell Inc. is to sell computers directly to customers. This will increase their success in the computer business. (Ross, 2010: p.88). Before Dell Inc. invented the made-to-order concept, its customers used to buy its products from electronic shops and retail stores. In this case, customers interacted only with the salesperson of the store and not the manufacturer. Therefore, Dell introduced the concept of interacting directly with the customer via the internet so as to fulfil the demands of its clients and deliver quality services. E-LOGISTICS AT DELL INC. For Dell Inc., the E-logistics has entirely changed it way of distributing its products. Traditionally, Dell used to pick up components from the warehouses of suppliers then collect them in its central or regional distribution centres, and finally merge them in stock in order to deliver the final products to customers (Ross, 2010: p.88). Currently, through implementation of e-logistics, Dell Inc. can now pick up components from the ware houses of suppliers and then forward the merging of components made during the transit to the logistic-service providers through USP or Airborne Express (Li, 2007: p.36). This has resulted in less fixed costs spent in warehouse centers and distribution, no product technological obsolescence, and no stock-keeping units (SKU). SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AT DELL INC. Supply Chain Management (SCM) is a system that Dell established to ensure the availability of precise computer components for its customers on demand and location. SCM describes how the company manages how raw materials are transformed into the end products and how products and services get to all its consumers (William, 2003: p.150). This has enabled the company to develop a tight bond with its supplier companies and consumers. In this regard, Mencarini (2003: p.19) states that Dell Inc. have one of the most effective SCM system in the world, and that it is focusing on creating the best SCM through the i2. This will improve the supply chain process through connecting its suppliers and planners in order to satisfy the requirements, as well as demands of their customers. SOFTWARE USED BY DELL IN PROMOTING RELATIONSHIP MARKETING Dell also uses a variety of software to promote relationship marketing such as Hotlink, Premier Pages and an enhanced CRM system, among others (Gattorna, 2003: p.57). Its database software is highly efficient and effective with customer relationship management, which stores tables of data used to check the information of customers and establish promotional campaigns. These databases mainly include the information of customers, their products and interests. According to Gattorna (2003: p.57), customer database helps to increase profits since it contains the information of clients, which determines the efficient and effective ways to target and divide the consumers. Hotlink is an automation software program, which facilitates tergeting and marketing communication, monitoring of customers and market development (Mencarini, 2003: p.21). This software gives Dell a free opportunity to advertise its products through the word of mouth. Also, it impacts its customer base to ensure that customers receive better services than before. Premier Pages are a transparent online system/software custom designed Web pages, which contain all the purchasing data (Gattorna, 2003: p.57). In addition, the software contains a paperless ordering process, which captures the technology configurations of customers. Mencarini (2003: p.21) argues that Dell created Premier Pages in order to gather less clientele details than they already have and develop a win-win situation that is more realistic. This starts when the clients places their orders for a computer and built later. Another system that Dell uses is an enhanced CRM system, helped by an information system company called the IS Partners (Moon, 2003: p.45). ProClarity offers a comprehensive analytical ability that highlights negative and positive areas of the business. Moreover, the company breaks down its sales by region where each team enables Dell to measure its own trend and success. ProClarity significantly benefits all the financial sections of the company. It also helps the Dell staff to easily access detailed demographic information about customers. The marketing department is able to follow product sales, customer activity and marketing mixes via this software. The management can follow activities in customer accounts, and act on lapsed quotes. Additionally, Dell installed the e-commerce software i2 Collaboration Planner, i2 Supply Chain Planner and i2 Factory Planner in order to meet its supply chain needs (Moon, 2003: p.45). This is applicable in the management of build-order procedures that exist between placing orders and customer support. The software enables Dell Inc. to classify customers and target them through their most preferred medium, obtain and analyze results (Moon, 2003: p.45). Moreover, Dell Inc. has signed an agreement with Part-Miner (Gattorna, 2003: p.51). Part-Miner is a vertical portal in electronic components industry, which provides information and helps to meet the demand and supply of the components. FUTURE PLANS OF DELL INC In future, Dell plans to update its processes of purchase such as the establishment of online auctions for products and services like printing, shipping, and paper (Li, 2007: p.20). The company also plans to make order status, payment information and receipts easily accessible to suppliers online. In coming years, Dell intends to expand its catalogue base and purchase choices by convincing its main suppliers to use the Ariba Business to Business Commerce Platform (Li, 2007: p.20). CONCLUSION CRM-SCM integration tries to satisfy clients through prompt delivery of products, ensuring its accessibility and maintain the manufacturer’s profits and returns. Thus, there are several lessons that can be drawn from Dell’s application of e-business. This trend can be emulated by other organizations in the industry. This will result in offering of better services to customers. It can be portrayed via the way Dell Inc. uses CRM to its advantage. Customer satisfaction will increase their trust in the organization, improving its reputation. In addition, custom-building a PC desired by the clients has formed a particularly strong relationship between Dell and its customers (Moon, 2003: p.50). In addition to this, implementing technology in a phased fashion has helped Dell to achieve a strong relationship with its clients. Dell set up simulated environments in order to support the i2 system in blotches without affecting the live form. Dell ensured that all stages of the comp leted process allowed future growth of the company before developing the whole system. Hence, this reduced risk and increasing efficiency. Another significant lesson from Dell would be to extend the link from the customer to the supplier, while maximizing its operation efficiency as well as customer satisfaction (Ross,2010: p.92). As a result, customers were able to spend less money on purchasing customized machines. This is because Dell approved the savings that resulted from managing its inventories efficiently. The company was, therefore, able to share information with suppliers about customer requirements and buying patterns in real-time. REFERENCES Botha, J., Bothma, C. Geldenhuys, P. 2008. Managing E-commerce in Business, New York, Juta and Company Ltd. Gattorna, J. 2003. Gower handbook of supply chain management, Burlington, Gower Publishing Ltd. Krauss, M. 2003. Dell looks to Sears to extend buyer reach. Marketing News, April 28, 2003, Vol. 37, Issue 9. Li. L. 2007. Supply chain management: concepts, techniques and practices enhancing the value through collaboration, Tokyo,World Scientific. Moon, K. 2003. Dell Computers: A Leader in CRM. Retrieved February 20, 2010 Mencarini A. 2003. E-Business: Dell Case Study, UK, Strathclyde Business School. Perret, F. Jaffeux, C. 2007. Essentials of logistics and management, London, EPFL Press. Levy, R. H. 1999. The Visible Marketer: Dell’s CRM model stresses transparent processes. Available from http://directmag.com/mag/marketing_visible_marketer_dells/index.html {Accessed 20th February 2012} Ross, D. F. 2010. Introduction to Supply Chain Management Technologies. London, CRC Press. William C. 2003. The true meaning of supply chain management. Logistics Management, June 2003, Vol. 42, Issue 6. How to cite E-Procurement And E-Logistics, Essay examples

Customer Satisfaction and Services Marketing

Question: Discuss about the Customer Satisfaction and Services Marketing. Answer: Introduction: In order to analysis current market situation, the management of Lenovo should focus on macro and micro environment factors. On the other hand, the macro environment includes five factors such as political, economic, social and technological factor(Aaker, 2003). Political factor: every organization needs to follow governmental policies to expand their business a legal manner. Moreover, the political factors influence Lenovo to implement security strategies, stakeholder strategy, and customer analysis. Economic factor: the economy of the UK is the major aspect which creates an impact on Lenovo. In other words, investment plans, financing cost and GDP effectively influence the business of the Lenovo. Social factor: it is one of the critical factor of the macro environment which includes a personal choice of the local customers. Besides that, the management needs to analyze social factor to determine the preference of their customers. Technological factor: in order to expand the business properly, the management of Lenovo needs to focus on latest and innovative technology. Apart from that, due to this factor, Lenovo can attract more customers and increase profit(Duverger, 2002). Micro environment analysis The micro environment includes internal components of the organization such as owner, employees, suppliers, customers, competitors, and shareholders. Moreover, Lenovo needs to focus and analyze the current situation of the organization. As well as, the relationship between employees and management also influence the profit of the organization. On the other hand, the coordination between customers and employees also increase the revenue of the organization. Besides that, in order to satisfy the customers, Lenovo must recognize current needs of their customers. However, both micro and macro environmental factors help the management of Lenovo to analyze current market opportunities(Fandel and Portatius, 2005). Market Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning Segmentation The market segmentation includes demographic, geographic, psychological and customer behavioral approach. The management of Lenovo needs to focus on the specific area or the geographic factor of the market segmentation to deliver the service. Besides that, demographic factors conclude income, education, the lifecycle of the customers and Lenovo needs to pay attention to those customers who matches this factor. On the other hand, psychological factor includes the state of mind of the customers. In simple words, Lenovo must analyze the thoughts of their customers for the proper approach. Analyzing the behavioral approach to the customers, the management should recognize the trustworthy. In other words, some customers hesitate to purchase a particular product, so the management should focus on this customer as target customers. Targeting This segment includes the customers who are targeted by the management of the customers. Besides that, Lenovo should target those customers who were spending lots of amounts to purchase laptops, mobiles and so on. Moreover, famous and rich businessmen, college students and corporate people should be the target customers of Lenovo. Positioning In the favorable market environment, Lenovo should expand their business. On the other hand, positioning is one of the vital element which includes various types of elements. In addition, the management of Lenovo should expand their business in those corporate sectors where the demand for laptops and mobiles always remains high(Fandel and Portatius, 2005). Marketing programs The marketing strategies and planning includes some significant factors such as 7Ps. In addition, this 7Ps includes seven different factors such as product, price, promotion, place, people, psychical evidence and process. Each and every segment of marketing 7ps will be discussed below: Product: this is one of the critical factors of 7ps model, and with the help of this factor, the management of Lenovo can attract their customers. Moreover, specifically, Lenovo should introduce an innovative product, for example, a laptop which includes additional features. Moreover, Lenovo must offer a laptop which has the latest operating system and hardware configuration that attract more customers. Price: the price of products is one of the critical factors which measured by the management. In other words, most of the customers are price-sensitive, and they want more useful products and service at a reasonable price. Moreover, in order to finalize the price of the product (laptop), Lenovo must analyze current market condition and requirements of the customers. Promotion: the promotional activities is implemented by many organizations to attract the customers. On the other hand, Lenovo needs to offer more additional features with the products. Besides that, Lenovo can provide a discount of price which is an attractive strategy used by many companies (Hamilton, 2012). Place: this is the very critical phase of this 7Ps model because due to this factor, Lenovo can organize and plan their marketing strategies. For example, Lenovo needs to select a specific location which contains potential customers who increase the profit of the organization. People: Here, the type of people are targeted by the company. For Lenovo, IT people are suitable to sell products. Moreover, it is important to train and hire the right people for delivering superior service to the clients. School and college students of todays generation use laptops. So, Lenovo should target these types of peoples. Process: Marketing mix also consists of a process where the overall system from production to delivery is implemented by Lenovo. Therefore, the organization has to make sure that output and delivery process is well-tailored. Lenovo should make sure that the production cost can be lessened. Physical Evidence: The physical evidence of Lenovo are factories, offices, customers, stores, products, government certificates and so on (Yelkur, 2014). This physical evidence increase the hype of the company and thereby leading to the attraction of clients. Marketing Strategy and Objectives The marketing objective of Lenovo is to furnish the business sectors with a wide mixed bag of technology-driven products to satisfy their separate targets (Singh, 2015). Lenovo has the goals to design and develop a full range of personal technology which consists of tablets, smart TVs as well as tablets. Moreover, the particular company also aims to globalize their markets all over the world. On the other hand, the company seeks to attract top talents from diverse backgrounds which represent an extensive collection of languages and nationalists. In China, Lenovo aims to attract more customers. The company also target to develop the overall experience of PC ownership which driving the total cost. Marketing plan offers a unique opportunity to Lenovo for productive discussions among the leaders and the staffs. The company is also committed to being an active and responsible corporate citizen. It aims to improve the working conditions of the business while contributing to the betterment of the companys local communities along with the overall society and the environment. The marketing strategy of Lenovo includes a promotional strategy of products along with brand awareness (Ferrell and Hartline, 2005). The policies also contain marketing plans to achieve competitive advantage. The organization is also concerned with the pricing strategy. The products of Lenovo are sold in the international market with consistent product. Strategies to sell low priced good products also leads to business improvement. The company cannot set high prices that that of their competitors because the production cost of Lenovo is not that high. They assemble their laptop China (Cadogan, 2009). Control and Evaluation Control, implementation, and evaluation are the three supports of a marketing plan. At first, Lenovo should make a marketing plan which will include all strategies to beat the rivals along with the financial stability. The number of employees working in a particular sector is managed and controlled by the manager of the company. After the plan has been chalked out, Lenovo should engage themselves in promoting the launch of the product like laptops. The promotional activity includes running of ads or launching websites and sending direct emails. It is the implementation stage (Lewis, 2007). The implementation phase of the company's marketing plan ensures that the marketing activities happens inappropriate time for success. Next, the evaluation step of Lenovo's marketing plan is concerned with the analysis of qualitative and quantitative metrics related to the strategy and implementation. At last, control is necessary for evaluation phase. During the creation of Lenovos marketing plan controls are established. It provides benchmarks for assessing how good the plan accomplish its objectives. The control phased depends on the retailer of the product. If the retailer can make a customer understand the advantages of Lenovo laptops, then the company can achieve marketing objectives such as attracting more clients and gaining competitive advantages. Customer feedback plays a significant factor in the business. A positive customer feedback can lead to organizational advantages (Evenson, 2007). The control phase of Lenovo includes customer feedback, target market sales, budgeting and market share. The budgeting should be made in such a way so that the client can afford to buy laptops at a reasonable rate. References Aaker, D. (2003).Strategic market management. 1st ed. New York: Wiley. Duverger, M. (2002).Political parties, their organization and activity in the modern state. 1st ed. [London]: Methuen. Fandel, G. and Portatius, H. (2005).Revenue Management. 1st ed. Wiesbaden: Gabler. Hamilton, W. (2012).Price and price policies. 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Cadogan, J. (2009).Marketing strategy. 1st ed. London: SAGE. Evenson, R. (2007).Award-winning customer service. 1st ed. New York: AMACOM. Ferrell, O. and Hartline, M. (2005).Marketing strategy. 1st ed. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Lewis, J. (2007).The project manager's desk reference. 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Singh, P. (2015). Lenovo acquires IBM's x86 low-end server business.Industrija, 43(3), pp.191-219. Yelkur, R. (2014). Customer satisfaction and the services marketing mix.Services Marketing Quarterly, 21(1), pp.105-115. Aaker, D. (2003).Strategic market management. 1st ed. New York: Wiley. Duverger, M. (2002).Political parties, their organization and activity in the modern state. 1st ed. [London]: Methuen. Fandel, G. and Portatius, H. (2005).Revenue Management. 1st ed. Wiesbaden: Gabler. Hamilton, W. (2012).Price and price policies. 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Pregnancy Essays - Roddy Doyle, The Snapper, The Van,

Pregnancy Snapper stands for a baby, child, kid, which is the main matter of the book. The story evolves around the pregnancy of the main character. But to snap means you change moods very easily, because of the hormonal changes during a pregnancy. Biography: Roddy Doyle was born in 1958 in Dublin and has grown up there, in Kilbarrack, to be precise. Kilbarrack is a suburb in the north of Dublin, close to the sea. He was a Geography and English teacher there and thus stayed in touch with all generations of his neighborhood. He loves that part of town and knows that inside the aggressive, foul mouthed, drunken "eejits" there is (more often than not) a heart of gold. At one point Doyle felt that the only way to express his true love and sympathy for the suffering people around them was to write about them. His first book The Commitments was made into a very succesful movie by Alan Parker and it helped to establish Roddy Doyle's reputation as a writer of best- sellers Bibliography: The Commitments (1987). The Snapper (1990) The Van (1991). Paddy Clake Ha Ha Ha (1993). The Woman Who Walked into Doors (1996). Genre: lt's a novel about a working-class family which has to deal with the pregnancy of the daughter. Motto: This book is delicate to Belinda Characters: Main Characters. -Sharon, a girl being pregnant and giving birth to a child of a married man from the neighborhood. -George Burgess, the father of Sharon's child. -Veronica, the mother of Sharon. -Jimmy sr, Sharon's father. Minor Characters -Jimmy jr, Sharon's brother who has decided to be a famous discjockey. -Tracy, Linda (= twins), Darren and Les, the rest of Sharon's brothers and sisters. -Yvonne, Jackie and Mary, these are the best friends of Sharon, with whom she spends quite a lot of their time (and money) in a pub, getting "pissed" (=drunk) -Paddy, Bertie and Bimbo, the pals of Jimmy sr. Ordering of time: The story is built up very simple, it is told chronologically. Setting: The setting, like most of Doyle's work, is a suburb exactly like the one he lives in himself. He calls it Barrytown, and it is a working class-suburb with tiny houses, lots of children in the streets, unemployment and heavy drinking (barry means happy in Irish). Narration: The story is told by the omniscient point of view, so the reader gets an insight in what the characters are thinking and feeling, or when Sharon is feeling pain or sickness during her pregnancy, or when Jimmy sr. was mad at Sharon because she was pregnant and wouldn't tell him who the father was. Language: The English being used by the characters is mostly Irish dialect, which means that they pronounce "jezus" like "jayses", and they use lots of insulting words. You could say they speak slang. Theme: In Barrytown exists a great sense of togetherness both within the family and in the local community, but sometimes things happens which can cause a divide. Sharon getting pregnant of a married man and not telling who he was, is an example of such an event. The book could also be entitled as: "Nine months in the life of a family in a Dublin suburb". Plot/outline: The Rabibitte family lives in Barrytown, a north-Dublin suburb. One day, after dinner, Sharon Rabbitte tells her parents that she is pregnant. The father and Sharon are having a big row, because she refuses to tell who the father of the child is. Sharon goes to buy a book which describes the details of pregnancy. When she is in her 1 l th week signs start to show. The time has come to tell her friends, but she keeps postponing it, because she knew they would ask who the father is. Her friends are sympathetic and delighted for her. One night Bimbo, a pal of Jimmy sir, told him that he heard that George Burgess said that Sharon was a great little ride. Jimmy sr. was furious and wanted to crease him. When Jimmy sr. got home he warns Sharon for George. The next day Sharon goes to George and told him to stop or else she would tell his wife (they were both drunk and made a mistake). A few days later George has disappeared, because he has told his wife about Sharon. George his wife tells the community that Sharon has seduced her husband. Sharon decides to deny everything and makes up a story about a Spanish sailor for her

Designer Baby Research Paper Example

Designer Baby Research Paper Example Designer Baby Paper Designer Baby Paper A designer baby is defined in the dictionary to be a baby developing from an embryo created In-vitro fertilization and selected because It had or lacked particular genes, the genetic makeup often having been modified by genetic engineering. This term Is simply referring to the newly scientific developed process providing a chance that would enable parents to genetically modify their child whilst it is still in the form of an embryo. The overall idea on this topic that is being raised at this present moment is the discussion of whether or not to permit people to determine their childrens ones, which would help Immensely in lowering the risks of various diseases. The positives are endless for It may help parents rid a hereditary disease, or provide chance for saving a child that may need a bone marrow transfer, to the less extreme ideas of being able to determine the sex of your child as well as the color of their eyes and hair. Although despite the positives there are various negatives that need to be taken into perspective and be properly analyses. The three major categories for the negatives are the moral and ethical, social, and health concerns. The controversy n the Issue Is considering all possible factors that can occur If they give the go on designer babies In Australia, not only do they have the positives and negatives In front of them but some evidence and real life results that will help them reach a concise conclusion. First let us assess the positives involved with designer babies. One that is widely viewed to be one of the main positives that come from this process Is the fact that for some parents by choosing their childs genes they will be able to eliminate the chances of Inheriting a disease which may be common throughout the history of heir family tree. By the end of 2001 it was recorded that there was the successful birth of at least 30 genetically modified babies in the US. The process consisted of the offspring carrying DNA from three parents two parts of the genetic material was from women and the third from a male. The initial motivation for the US scientists in doing it was the high rates of mitochondria disease that many children seemed to be suffering from and by around the age of 10 they were either producing mild or devastating symptoms. The stance put on genetically modified babies Is divided for It s believed to be ethically wrong but then there are the endless possibilities of this scientific discovery eradicating into something further as the study, research and trials progress. The world could seriously be looking at the solution that may one day eradicate this world from disease; these points are very optimistic but just think of where we are today and the advances we have already made In this research, who can even begin to imagine where It may lead us to with In the next 50 years or so. Furthermore the prospects that genetically modified babies provide for future billings that may be in desperate need of help. Another positive outcome from this procedure would mean that less money would needed to be spent for medical treatments for the future. By the means of less money needed to be devoted to the health It would enable us as a community o developments within the community that may require some extra attention. Overall not only would families benefit but the economical status of the community and the progression of being able to move forward in developing a more wider, diverse and knowledgeable community. It is believed that through the advances that have been made in the research of genetically modified babies that scientists will now be able to provide families that have a child who suffers from a particular disease take cancer for example. This child is in a desperate need for a bone marrow transfer but there is no match but through the scientific process of genetically modified babies scientists would be able to create an exact match for this child and therefore result in saving a childs life whilst having created another. In the movie My Sisters Keeper, which was first a book written by Jodi Piccolo presents the story of a family who had a daughter that was in desperate need of a bone marrow or otherwise she would die. Through her parents determination to save their daughters life they work with doctors to successfully create a match for Kate. Once Anna was born she was required to donate various parts from her body to help her sister. However as Anna grew older she began to question her parents decision, which resulted in her filing a lawsuit against her parents. Despite all the positives genetically modified babies poses there are also any negatives and repercussions that we first need to face. On the other hand we as a society need to weigh up both the positives and negatives that may be evoked if we went ahead with allowing parents to choose their childs genes. The main moral and ethical concerns that revolve around this issue is the questioning of are we playing too much of a role as God in undertaking this process? Also the fact that in order to create a genetically modified baby they actually have to kill off some embryos which is viewed as that those embryos that they have Just stored to help create one being could also have grown and developed into humans. It is pointed out that by some scholars such as George Nanas who was reviewed in an article called The Prospect of Designer Babies: Is it Inevitable, which is an article that has focused on exploring the factors involved within designer babies her is a part from the article which helps support the Moral and Ethical stance on the issue. From a more ethical outlook, some scholars claim that altering a childs genes before he or she is born would be a violation of rights, and it would sacrifice redeems, promote competition, and accentuate hierarchy (Sprier 1809). R. E. Sprier, in analysis of works by Francis Fauvism and Gregory Stock, explains that we would lose a sense of humanity. We would become cowboys, or functional cowboys, with extrapolate electromechanical devices to improve senses and organs (Sprier 1807). Fauvism asks us to look into three issues when considering genetic engineering: the right of a human to be a human; the dignity of a human, which would be lessened by deliberate genetic manipulation; and the preservation of unman nature (Sprier 1809). See more at: http://pit]urinal. UNC. Deed/article/ prospect-designer-babies-it-inevitable#stash. Yachted. Duff Standing and the further gap it would evoke within the community. While taking on board the possible consequences of designer babies one that has stood to mind is the fact that as this process is very dear it would only be a viable option for the more richer families as opposed to the poorer ones, not only does this further outline the differences it would lead to a social scale where the poor were always on the bottom ND the richer up on top. Some of the most challenging moral and ethical questions about a license to design babies concern the societies it might lead to. The movie Cataract depicts a future in which genetically enhanced people take the lead, viewing enhanced people as fit only to clean up after them. Liberal democracy is a cooperative venture in which all are seen as having something to offer. 17 Will genetic enhancement bring this social arrangement to an end, creating societies in which enhanced people are viewed by their genetic superiors in much the same way that e currently view chimpanzees, suitable for drug testing and zoo exhibits but little else? See more at: Concessionaires. Org/biotech/agar. HTML It is believed that the process of genetically modified babies may lead to them acting more superior to their peers and feel as though that they are as important as the Queen which would most likely result problematically and cause issues for the children that families have either chose not to have them modified or cannot afford it. The other major concern for the scientists and health professionals are the many fatty concerns t hat is involved with the process and also the fact that this is still a very new development and hasnt had major amounts of practice. Three of the concerns include the fact that it can lead to OCHS which means Ovarian Hyper- stimulation Syndrome, that some lab technology may effect the embryo during biopsy causing the embryo damage, and also the removal of eight-cell embryos has its implications for the well-being of people that are created by PEG or in other words Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis. Through research and testing on various animals t was shown that Animal clones suffer from a variety of problems that some scientists connect with incomplete reprogramming of somatic cell DNA or damage inflicted by the process of nuclear transfer. Human clones may also suffer from these problems See more at Concessionaires. Org/biotech/agar. HTML Therefore there are many considerations that need to be taken into consideration first. After having outlined some of the negatives and positives of designer babies there are still many that scientists and health professionals need to analysis and further explore these factors. As well as being provided with the ability to conduct further experiments in order to gain evidence on this particular process. The idea of permitting parents to genetically modify their child is going to be a long process before anything is allowed to take place. Despite this slow and long process there is no doubt amongst experts that within the near future or so we will be well on the way to having all of our future children genetically modified in an attempt to eradicate the chances of disease and illness throughout ones life time.

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Strategic Management - Essay Example An organization performs poorly when there is low climax in the cyclical marketplace. In order to augment the demand for services and products in mature markets, companies will result into restructuring. Through restructuring, an organization anticipates enhancing of the products or services in the market. Mature product marketplaces are a factor of all product lifecycles. After the initial fast growth period is complete, sales will persist to increase but at a slower rate (Thompson & Martin 2010, p. 383). Predicaments associated with mature markets comprise; increased threat of rivals capturing market share, slower expenditure recovery, and risk of products budging into the decline phases of product lifecycle. Once entire product marketplaces go into maturity, there is petite scope for expansion through innovation since the marketplace is already saturated. However, it is significant for every technology based corporations to retain research and expansion expenditure with an aim of sustaining a competitive advantage and keeping up with rivals. In a mature market, possibilities for expansion become significantly limited; alternatives comprise exploiting fresh markets and tactics to endeavor capturing rivals’ marketplace share. Maturity of markets increases the significance of brand names. Caterpillar has an advantage of a tremendously well established and globally known product name (Thompson & Martin 2010, p. 385). Until 1990, the organizational structure of Caterpillar paid attention to functional areas for instance accounting, manufacturing and engineering. The notion was that if every functional area attained its objectives and goals, the client would be satisfied and the firm prosperous. In mid-1990, the company... This paper stresses that the positive effects exceeded the negative effects on performance since the introduction of fresh performance measures and restructuring of the organization resulted to enhancement of the market, financial and productive performance of the company. The development of fresh performance assessment measures a reorganization of business units enabled Caterpillar to achieve its chief goals. The restructuring and execution of the fresh performance assessment system enabled Caterpillar to increase flexibility, responsiveness and customer focus. This report makes a conclusion that Caterpillar Inc. is the global dominant producer of mining and construction equipment, industrial gas turbines, natural gas and diesel engines, and diesel-electric trains. The corporation is also a dominant services provider through Caterpillar Remanufacturing Services, Caterpillar Financial and Progress Rail. In 1990s, the company initiated restructuring process in order to enhance its performance. The restructuring process was largely influenced by the fact Caterpillar products were operating in mature and cyclical markets. The new strategy, which was adopted by the company in 1990s positively, transformed the financial, market and productive performance. However, the new strategy had negative spillover effects on the performance of the company although the impact was not substantial. In 2010, the company adopted a new business tactic, which has enhanced its performance and competitiveness especially in developing economies.

Assess and explain the importance that human rights have attained Essay

Assess and explain the importance that human rights have attained within international law - Essay Example At a global level, the international human rights law is the body entrusted in keeping and promoting these statutes internationally, regionally and even nationally. The United Nations (UN) through the United Nations Security Council and the United Nations Human Rights Council is the only universally recognized entity that exerts jurisdiction on human rights issues. Countries adhere to international law by consenting to at least partially acquiescent to international law or jurisdiction according to the 1920 Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice. This and subsequent statutes comprise the various international treaties, declarations, and guidelines that constitute the international human rights instruments. The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) of 1948 form the basis of most of these human rights instruments, which have generated various international and regional instruments that guide the international laws on human rights (UNHCHR, 2009) [s ee Table 1]. Although there is no principal body entrusted with enforcing international human rights, several judicial entities exist including the International Criminal Court (ICC), which presides over war crimes and genocide, the European Court of Human Rights, and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights that normally work under the guidance of the UN Human Rights Council (OHCHR, 2009). At state level, 110 countries have set up National Human Rights Commissions to monitor and promote human rights. In many developed western countries particularly the United States, the notion of human rights has developed over time but can be traced to the influence of British political theorist John Locke who ascribed to the view of natural rights of an individual. The US Declaration of Independence and Bill of Rights have thus emphasised the importance of individual and collective rights. Western

Type 2 Diabetes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Type 2 Diabetes - Essay Example Many of the diabetic tests being carried out in clinics do not meet the required ethical standards. Health care promoters like Doctors face direct involvement with many ethical issues (Type 2 Diabetes 2015). They are vital in decision making, and thus, making significant ethical implications. Type 2 Diabetes patients trust Doctors to act on their discretion, meaning he is left to what he feels is necessary. But as research shows, some incidents present ethical dilemma to Doctors making very few act to the best course of action. Many Doctors also have issues presenting information to patients regarding testing of Type 2 Diabetes. How a doctor perceives many of the Diabetic questions could therefore be of a big interest to his patients’. From the discussion, we find out that the legalization of some ethical issues would be a positive move towards protecting the patient and the healthcare provider. Legalization of euthanasia would be meaningful to type 2 Diabetic patient undergoing server pain. Legalization to autonomy gave Diabetic patients the freedom to withdraw from hospital bed at their own will. What does Legislation mean in Type 2 Diabetes? Legalization in Type 2 Diabetes refers to creating accommodative rules and policies that will protect and harbour workers infected by Type 2 Diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes should not keep an employer away from the work place. A worker should not be fired or suspended because he or she is suffering from Diabetes.

The criminal justice system in the United Kingdom

The criminal justice system in the United Kingdom Introduction: Justice is a human rights and law reform organization based in the United Kingdom. It is the British section of the International Commission of Jurists, the international human rights organization of lawyers devoted to the legal protection of human rights worldwide. Consequently, members of JUSTICE are predominantly barristers and solicitors, judges, legal academics, and law students. The main areas of Justices work are: Human rights Criminal justice European Union (EU) law The rule of the law The word fair is defined by Merriam-Websters Dictionary (2009) as marked by impartiality and honesty, free from self-interest, prejudice, or favoritism. Related words include just, equitable, impartial, unbiased, dispassionate, and objective, all of which mean free from favor toward either or any side. One additional term that is important for understanding fairness is desert. Desert refers to getting what you deserve, as in reward or punishment. The Criminal Justice System of England and Wales: The Criminal Justice System (CJS) is one of the major public services in the country, with over 400,000 staff across six agencies which work together to deliver criminal justice. The core agencies are the police, the Crown Prosecution Service, the courts, the National Offender Management Service (which covers prisons and probation) and the Youth Justice Board (which oversees Youth Offending Teams). Some services and initiatives within the CJS are run by a number of voluntary groups such as Victim Support and the National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders (NACRO). The substantive aspect of the law reflects the what of the law, in that laws are created to define certain behaviors as crimes and to provide punishments for violations of those laws. Two main goals of Criminal Justice System: One goal of the criminal justice system is to reduce crime. Reducing crime can be achieved through reactive means, such as responding to a call for service, making an arrest, obtaining a criminal conviction, and carrying out the punishment imposed by the court, or through proactive means, such as eliminating the conditions that produce criminality. Another goal of criminal justice system is justice. They have to assure that they give justice to everyone without any discrimination. Justice should be above everything. Favorism should be eliminated from the root. Is criminal justice system fair? Before you decide whether the system is fit for purpose you have to decide what that purpose is. There is too much pressure on the criminal justice system because it is supposed to solve societys ills. But it is not the answer to everything; it cant be used to cope with the mentally ill, the homeless and problem teenagers. Thats not what it is designed for; it can never be fit for that purpose. Politicians have created a panic about crime so the public now fear there wont be enough space in prison for all the people who are guilty of offences. They have trapped themselves in a debate where they tell the public there is nothing wrong with the system, then enact more criminal laws to change it. One of the greatest challenges facing the criminal justice system is the need to balance the rights of accused criminals against societys interest in imposing punishments on those convicted of crimes. That is one view. An opposite view is the problem of wrongful convictions. A spate of wrongful convictions in Canada has resulted in judges in some jurisdictions being sent on a 3-day course on avoiding wrongful convictions. Why have these convictions occurred? Four factors have been identified: Overconfident eyewitnesses Bogus prosecution experts Lying jailhouse informants (who frequently invent confessions) Overzealous prosecutors or inept lawyers who jeopardize the right to trial of the accused. An additional factor in wrongful convictions is the tendency, particularly in high profile cases, of the press, police, and publicity-seeking public figures, to convict the accused prior to trial. As expected, comments on both sides of the debate are plentiful. Some of the critics of Sir John Stevens (head of the  Metropolitan Police Service from 2000 until 2005) suggest that social action is the best approach in cutting crime, so that the issue of criminal justice never comes up, since crimes will not be committed. Job creation is an excellent example of that approach. The problem, of course, is that organized and even disorganized, that is random crime is not affected by job creation. Gangs terrorizing neighborhoods are not impressed by flower-planting and make-work programs. The issue of the criminal justice system is therefore not addressed. Crimes will still occur and the criminal justice system will still have its problems. The other view, dealing with wrongful convictions, is equally as serious. When people sit, wrongly convicted, for 15 years, major miscarriages of justice occur. Another factor influencing the system is public opinion. The courts have a difficult balance to achieve while the courts should not be controlled by public sentiment, neither should they lose the confidence of the population. Let us look now at another country, the United States of America. When the former President, Mr. Bush, was Governor of Texas, that State had an incredible record of executions. Yet I didnt see crime, or more the fear of crime, decrease. The streets of Texas cities are empty even at midday due to concerns with crime. We have seen this situation in Houston and Dallas. You cannot find people out at night walking around. Instead, they live, if they can afford it, in gated communities. Now it is equally true that Texas has a strong gun culture. However, no one doubts that hardened criminals in any jurisdiction can obtain the firepower they want. Equally, liberal approaches to crime, such as that of Mr. Lionel Jospins government in France, have resulted in the police unwilling to enter certain neighborhoods and uncontrolled street gangs burning automobiles and Lorries. Do you notice something interesting with these examples? Whether the criminal justice system is restrictive or permissive, gang violence is rampant since the public order establishment (not just the police) have not addressed the situation by eliminating the gangs. Is that the answer? Would that return order and public confidence? Should the goal of the criminal justice system be the conviction of the guilty? Or fair trials for all? Or the elimination or reduction of crime? Equally, if fair trials are the goal, and crime still dominates, there will be no public satisfaction or confidence. Reform of Criminal Justice System: The Justice for All public service agreement (PSA 24) outlines a program of reforms for reducing crime and re-offending, and providing justice. This section sets out these programs against the main priority areas. Efficiency and effectiveness Making the system/process more efficient and effective at bringing offences to justice is a priority for the Criminal Justice System. This section covers the programs aiming to support this goal. Bichard 7 Business information strategy Cross-CJS alignment Exchange links Postal charging and requisitions Prisons to Court Video Links PROGRESS Secure eMail Virtual Courts Public confidence: The Criminal Justice System working effectively requires that people in local communities feel confident that it is fair, effective and meets local needs. This section covers the programs aiming to ensure local communities are informed about its performance, consulted and engaged about their priorities. Adult Conditional Cautions Community Engagement with the CJS Youth Crime Action Plan Victim and witness satisfaction: The Criminal Justice System exists to allow victims to seek redress. This section covers the programs aiming to help improve victims and witnesses satisfaction with the service provided by the CJS. Victims Pledge Witness Charter Race disproportional: The Criminal Justice System needs to be fair to all regardless of their background or situation. This section covers the programs aiming to help identify and address any unjustified disproportional with regard to race throughout the criminal justice process. Minimum Data Set Asset recovery The Criminal Justice System is concerned with seizing assets acquired by convicted criminals through their activities. This section covers the programs aiming to support the recovery of assets from criminals. Content will be available shortly. Compliance and enforcement: Ensuring that offenders and defendants comply with sentences and orders of the Criminal Justice System is integral to delivering an effective and efficient justice system that inspires public confidence and trust. This section covers programs aiming to produce an improved way of measuring compliance and enforcement performance. Compliance and enforcement measure. WORD COUNT:

The Songs and Deaths of Rockstars Essay -- Song Music Musicians Death

The Songs and Deaths of Rockstars   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Music as we know it today is the voice of a generation. It gives us entertainment, and speaks out for a community of people in many ways. Most people listen to at least some sort of music, and serves a purpose in almost every facet of society. Just about any expression can be shared through music, inlcuding ideas and feelings about death. Music is used in various way when pertaining to death, including songs about how a death occurred, or songs at a service mourning a death. Whichever way you look at it, music serves an important purpose, and the songs about death and the death of certain performing artists has a great impact on society, especially the youth of society. It will be interesting to think about some of these songs and musicians, and the effect their short lives and music can have in our society.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No matter which way you turn your head, your going to hear many different kinds of music. Many artists look to cover as many topics in their music, and death and dying is a topic that everyone in this world will sooner or later deal with, so it is a topic that it is covered. It is interesting when looking at Rap industry, and two artists come to mind right away when speaking about death. The Notorious B.I.G. and Tupac Shakur are two rap artists who both have died within the last five years, and were both extremely popular. What one may look at is the fact that both seemed to have an idea that they were going to die right before they did, and it was not because of a terminal illness, it was in fact by being murdered.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tupac Shakur was a very popular artist, whose talents were respected by people who weren't or aren't even rap music fans. He was very young when he passed, at age 25, and there are still people who listen to his music toiday, and there are even some people who question his death even occurred. Many of his albums have thoughts of death and his lyrics represent these thoughts, as he questions how much faith he has left, and how he seems to know his time is coming to an end. One of his songs, titled only God can Judge me, talks about how there is death all around him, and how it is hard to keep positive in the light of friends passing. Now, when dealing with a popular rap artist who makes alot of ... ...point or another in their lives. To the people who have never had someone close to them die, the death of a celebrity can be the next closest way for that person to experience and learn to deal with death. The deaths of the four artists mentioned touched the public in different ways. Brad Nowell was an aspiring artist who was just making it to the top when it all came crashing down. Tupac Shakur and the Notorious B.I.G. were both already on top and their lifestyles of violence led to their demise. And the Kurt Cobain was a small town guy who didn't want all of the fame and his psyche crumbled as he comitted suicide. Each one of these deaths and the music brought from these artists gives us a sense of what it is like to die the way each of these people did. To alot of fans, when their favorite artist dies, a very small part of them dies, and it brings a rebirth to reality, on how life should be lived and that the industry is only entertainment, and not the way to a fulfulling life. In the end music cannot be a way of life, but it can lead to inspiration towards leading a good life, and gives comfort and hope towards that goal.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Cordination Compounds Essay

* FLEXIDENTATE CHARACTER OF POLYDENTATE LIGANDS; * Poly dentate ligands have flexi dentate character in the sense that all donors atoms may not form coordinate bonds with the central metal atom or ion. For example; EDTA which is the hexa dentate ligand also acts as tetra dentate or penta dentate in certain complexes. Similarly sulphate ion, which is a bi dentate ligand, also acts as a mono dentate ligand in certain complexes, e.g. in [Co(SO4)(NH3)5]Cl. * LABILE COMPLEXES; * A complex in which the ligands can be easily replaced by other ligands is called a labile complex. * GEOMETRY OF [CuX4]2- IONS; * The halide complex of Cu (2) shows two different stereo chemistries. In (NH4)2[CuCl4], [CuCl4]2- ion is square planar, but Cs2[CuCl4] and Cs2[CuBr4], the [CuX4]2- ions have a slightly squashed tetrahedral shape. Tetrahedral [CuCl4]2- ions are orange whereas, square planar [CuCl4]2- ions are yellow in colour. * GREATER STABILITY OF Co(+3) COMPLEXES THAN Co(+2) COMPLEXES; * Co+2 ions are very stable & are difficult to oxidise. Co+3 ions are less stable and are readily reduced by water to Co2+. In contrast Co(+2) are less stable and are readily oxidised to Co(+3) complexes, i.e. Co(3) are very stable. This is because CFSE of Co(+3) with d6 configuration is higher than Co(+2) with d7 configuration. * SIDGWICK THEORY OR EFFECTIVE ATOMIC NUMBER (EAN) RULE; * Sidgwick put forward a rule to explain the stability of complexes on the basis of effective atomic number as follows:- EAN of metal in complex= atomic number –oxidation state+2Ãâ€" co-ordination number A stable complex is formed if the EAN is equal to the atomic number of the next noble gas. Thus, from the calculation given in the table below, [Fe(CN)6]4- is more stable than [Fe(CN)6]3- Though this rule is found to be applicable in many cases, yet it fails in no. Of cases as illustrated by last two examples given in the table below: complex| Oxidation state| Atomic number | Co-ordination number| EAN| [Co(NH3)6]3+| +3| 27| 6| 27-3+2Ãâ€"6=36, i.e. [Kr]| [Fe(CN)6]4-| +2| 26| 6| 26-2+2Ãâ€"6=36, i.e. [Kr]| [PtCl6]2-| +4| 78| 6| 78-4+2Ãâ€"6=86, i.e. [Rn]| [Fe(CN)6]3-| +3| 26| 6| 26-3+2Ãâ€"6=35| [Ag(NH3)2]1+| +1| 47| 2| 47-1+2Ãâ€"2=50|

There Are Four Elements to a Valid Contract

There are four elements to a valid contract. 1. At least two separate parties entering into an agreement: The agreement can be between two people, or one person and a company or between two companies. 2. The parties are qualified to agree to the terms and conditions in the contract: The parties must be of legal age and have an understanding of what the contract is and details it outlines. 3. Both parties are receiving consideration or value from the agreement: This is most commonly money in exchange for a good or service, but there are other methods of consideration, especially in the business arena. . The contract is created for legal activities: Contract are not binding or considered legally valid when they propose illegal activities or violate existing laws in anyway. (What are the four elements of a contract, 2010). The Objective theory of contracts is a principle in U. S. law that the existence of a contract is determined by the legal significance of the external acts of a party to purported agreement, rather than by the actual intent of the parties. (Objective theory of contract, 2010).This theory applies in this case because in this case it was stated they could win a Harrier-Jet if they collected the Pepsi points, but in actuality it was never their intent to give one away. The Court held there wasn’t a valid agreement here, because one party (Pepsi-co) made an agreement, but never signed a contract with the other party (John D. R. Leonard). As expensive as that jet was, a commercial ad couldn’t have actually offered the consumers the jet. (Unilateral Contract, 2010). Some advertisements are considered offers because if they advertise something and you have to pay for it that is money exchanged for a good or service.This case differs, because Leonard fulfilled his end by coming up with the points, but didn’t actually receive his reward upon the completed act.References Objective theory of contract; Retrieved from, http://www. encycl opedia. com/doc/1G2-3437703138. html Unilateral contract; Retrieved from, http://www. legal-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/Unilateral+contract What are the Four Elements of a Valid Contract? 123; Retrieved from, http://www. life123. com/career-money/business-law/contracts/what-are-the-four-elments -of-a-valid-contract. shtml

Make The Enter Key Work Like Tab in Delphi Applications

Make The Enter Key Work Like Tab in Delphi Applications We know that, generally, pressing the Tab key moves the input focus to next control and Shift-Tab to previous in the tab order of the form. When working with Windows applications, some users intuitively expect the Enter key to behave like a Tab key. There is a lot of third-party code for implementing better data entry processing in Delphi. Here are a few of the best methods out there (with some modifications). Examples below are written with the assumption that there is no default button on the form. When your form contains a button whose Default property is set to True, pressing Enter at runtime executes any code contained in the buttons OnClick event handler. Enter as Tab The next code causes Enter to behave like Tab, and ShiftEnter like ShiftTab: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~procedure TForm1.Edit1KeyPress (Sender: TObject; var Key: Char) ;begin  Ã‚   If Key #13 Then Begin  Ã‚  Ã‚   If HiWord(GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT)) 0 then  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   SelectNext(Sender as TWinControl,False,True)  Ã‚  Ã‚   else  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   SelectNext(Sender as TWinControl,True,True) ;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Key : #0  Ã‚   end;end;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ in DBGrid If you want to have similar Enter (ShiftEnter) processing in DBGrid: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~procedure TForm1.DBGrid1KeyPress (Sender: TObject; var Key: Char) ;begin  Ã‚   If Key #13 Then Begin  Ã‚  Ã‚   If HiWord(GetKeyState(VK_SHIFT)) 0 then begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   with (Sender as TDBGrid) do  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   if selectedindex 0 then  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : selectedindex - 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   else begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   DataSource.DataSet.Prior;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : fieldcount - 1;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   end;  Ã‚  Ã‚   end else begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   with (Sender as TDBGrid) do  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   if selectedindex (fieldcount - 1) then  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : selectedindex 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   else begin  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   DataSource.DataSet.Next;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   selectedindex : 0;  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   end;  Ã‚   end;  Ã‚   Key : #0  Ã‚   end;end;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ More Info on Delphi Applications Keyboard Symphony  Get familiar with the OnKeyDown, OnKeyUp, and onKeyPress event procedures to respond to various key actions or handle and process ASCII characters along with other special purpose keys. What Does #13#10 Stand for, in Delphi Code?  If you are wondering what those characters stand for, heres the answer.

Film Analysis of Gandhi Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Film Analysis of Gandhi - Movie Review Example From the film, Gandhi has the vision of taking up Indian independence (Attenborough, 1982). He is seen to abandon all the worldly belongings for the struggle for Indian independence (Attenborough, 1982). Despite the numerous resistances, he is more determined to win the freedom of his people without shedding innocent blood. Gandhi, can in this instance be described as a visionary leader (Attenborough, 1982). Ability entails the leader being conversant with the job at hand, and have up to the minute skills of formulating plans that allow for completion of the task at hand (Curtis &Manning, 2003). In the event that the leader is not able to deal with the employees and the organization at large, then disrespect from the employees is bound to occur, as the followers are always in anticipation of tough decisions from the leaders (Curtis &Manning, 2003). Even in times when Gandhi was jailed and faced a lot of opposition from the South Africans, he did not forget to confirm to his followers, that the Indian population is a frustrated and an oppressed lot, and that they have to strive for their rights. It is this leader with ability that led the Salt March in 1930 (Attenborough, 1982). Curtis &Manning (2003) say that enthusiasm in leaders is vital for attracting the followers to the challenges of the organization, and accepts the same challenges. This enthusiasm triggers goal-directed actions, and ultimately the entire organization is directed towards one goal of attaining results (Curtis &Manning, 2003). Gandhi is no doubt an enthusiastic leader who first faces oppression; jail terms, but later comes up with ashrams, villages where people share resources communally, without fear of intimidation (Attenborough, 1982). Twenty two years into the fight for independence, Gandhi had managed to get a backing for his role in the

Cost Accounting and Management Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cost Accounting and Management Decisions - Essay Example Company Description Alcoa is an American manufacturing organisation which deals in producing primary aluminium and fabricated aluminium. Furthermore, the organisation is also known as one of the biggest drillers of bauxite and refiner of alumina in an international context. The primary products of Alcoa are divided into two major categories which are aluminium products and non-aluminium products. Aluminium products of Alcoa comprise alumina, primary metals, flat-rolled products and engineered products and solutions. On the other hand, non-aluminium products of Alcoa include industrial fastenings, precision casting and aerospace products (Alcoa Inc, 2013). Impact of Changes in the Variable Cost / Fixed Cost Structure of Alcoa on Cost- Volume Profit Analysis Decisions by Managers Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis is often argued to assist in taking decisions about business operations for any manufacturing organisation. It is applied as a method of inspecting the link between fixed and variable expenses with respect to number of manufacturing units and related profits. In order to use the CVP analysis, there is need for analysing the business operations obtaining an unambiguous understanding of fixed expenses incurred by the business in comparison to variable expenses. Therefore, any kind of changes in the fixed expense and variable expenses can impact on CVP analysis and product manufacturing decisions of a particular business like Alcoa. For instance, through CVP analysis, Alcoa can determine the cost of its products more accurately than the traditional method. As a CVP analysis develops a clear understanding of the fixed and variable costs incurred by a manufacturing firm, accountants and managers are likely to gain better control on the total costs of any product comprising certain fixed and variable components. With a better control on the total cost, these components can be used in order to clarify variations in product price as well as variations in expense s. As the number of quantity produced increases, per unit variable and fixed expenses are quite likely to decrease to a certain extent. Hence, per unit expenses will also reduce with respect to a decline in fixed and variable expenses rewarding the company with greater opportunity to serve its customers either with increased supply quantity or at a competitive price maintaining its profitability. Stating precisely, by understanding the fixed and variable expenses structure of Alcoa, the managers of the organisation can determine the level to which minimisation of prices of products would not compromise the profit gain per unit (Wiley, 2004). Analysis of the Current Cost System of Alcoa There are two major types of costing system which can be used by an organisation namely traditional costing system and Activity Based Costing (ABC) system. In this context, it has been observed that Alcoa uses the ABC costing system in its business operations for determining the cost of products as we ll as for framing its budgeting strategies (Krishnan, 2006). ABC system divides every manufacturing activity explicitly and determines the portion of overhead expenses which are used for manufacturing one unit of a product. Contextually, the ABC system makes possible for Alcoa to establish more comprehensive factory management structures. With an apparent view of cost of products grounded on ABC system, the managers of Alcoa are